Quercus robur

Quercus robur
Leaves and acorns
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fagales
Family:	Fagaceae
Genus:	Quercus
Subgenus:	Quercus subg. Quercus
Section:	Quercus sect. Quercus
Species:	Q. robur
Binomial name
Quercus robur L.
Subspecies
Quercus robur subsp. brutia (Ten.) O.Schwarz Quercus robur subsp. imeretina (Steven ex Woronow) Menitsky Quercus robur subsp. pedunculiflora (K.Koch) Menitsky Quercus robur subsp. robur
Native distribution of pedunculate oak
Synonyms
List Quercus abbreviata Vuk. Quercus accessiva Gand. not validly published Quercus accomodata Gand. not validly published Quercus acutiloba Borbás Quercus aesculus Boiss. Quercus aestivalis Steven Quercus afghanistanensis K.Koch Quercus alligata Gand. not validly published Quercus altissima Petz. & G.Kirchn. Quercus amoenifolia Gand. not validly published Quercus appenina var. cylindracea (Guss. ex Parl.) Nyman Quercus appenina var. rumelica (Griseb. & Schenk) Nyman Quercus apula Gand. not validly published Quercus arenaria Borbás Quercus argentea Morogues Quercus assimilis Gand. not validly published Quercus asterotricha Borbás & Csató Quercus asturica Gand. not validly published Quercus atropurpurea K.Koch Quercus atrosanguinea K.Koch Quercus atrovirens Sm. Quercus aurea K.Koch Quercus australis A.Kern. Quercus auzin Secondat ex Bosc. Quercus avellanoides Vuk. Quercus axillaris Schur Quercus banatica Gand. not validly published Quercus batavica Gand. not validly published Quercus bavarica Gand. not validly published Quercus bedoi Borbás Quercus belgica Gand. not validly published Quercus bellogradensis Borbás Quercus borealis var. pilosa (Schur) Simonk. Quercus brachycarpa Guss. ex Parl. Quercus brevipes A.Kern. Quercus brevipes Borbás Quercus brutia Ten. Quercus bruttia Borbás Quercus castanoides Vuk. Quercus commiserata Gand. not validly published Quercus comptoniifolia K.Koch Quercus concordia K.Koch Quercus condensata Schur Quercus coriifolia Vuk. Quercus crispa Vuk. Quercus croatica Gand. not validly published Quercus cunisecta Borbás Quercus cuprea K.Koch Quercus cupressoides K.Koch Quercus cupulatus Gilib. not validly published Quercus cylindracea Guss. ex Parl. Quercus dacica Gand. not validly published Quercus danubialis Gand. not validly published Quercus dilatata A.Kern. Quercus discredens Gand. not validly published Quercus dissecta K.Koch Quercus emarginulata Gand. not validly published Quercus erucifolia Steven Quercus esthonica Gand. not validly published Quercus estremadurensis O.Schwarz Quercus ettingeri Vuk. Quercus extensa (Schur) Schur Quercus falkenbergensis Booth ex Loudon Quercus farinosa Vuk. Quercus fastigiata Lam. Quercus femina Mill. Quercus fennessii A.DC. Quercus filicifolia A.DC. Quercus filipendula Schloss. & Vuk. Quercus foemida Mill. Quercus fructipendula Schrank Quercus frutetorum Gand. not validly published Quercus geltowiensis K.Koch Quercus germanica Lasch Quercus grecescui Gand. not validly published Quercus haas Kotschy Quercus haerens Gand. not validly published Quercus hentzei Petz. & G.Kirchn. Quercus hispanica Willk. Quercus hodginsii Lodd. ex Steud. not validly published Quercus hohenackeri Gand. not validly published Quercus horizontalis Dippel Quercus hyemalis Steven Quercus imeretina Steven ex Woronow Quercus immodica Gand. not validly published Quercus implicata Gand. not validly published Quercus kunzei Gand. not validly published Quercus kurdica Wenz. Quercus laciniata Lodd. Quercus lanuginosa Beck Quercus lasistan Kotschy ex A.DC. Quercus lentula Gand. not validly published Quercus longaeva Salisb. not validly published Quercus longiglans Debeaux Quercus longipedunculata Cariot & St.-Lag. Quercus longipes Steven Quercus louettii Dippel Quercus lucorum Vuk. Quercus ludens Gand. not validly published Quercus lugdunensis Gand. not validly published Quercus macroloba Gand. not validly published Quercus madritensis Gand. not validly published Quercus malacophylla (Schur) Schur Quercus mestensis Bondev & Gancev Quercus microcarpa Lapeyr. Quercus microcarpa Morogues Quercus monorensis Simonk. Quercus montivaga Gand. not validly published Quercus natalis Gand. not validly published Quercus nescensis Gand. not validly published Quercus nigricans K.Koch Quercus ochracea Morogues Quercus oelandica Gand. not validly published Quercus paleacea Desf. Quercus palmata Vuk. Quercus parmenteria Mutel Quercus pectinata K.Koch Quercus pedemontana Colla Quercus pedunculata Ehrh. Quercus pedunculata Hoffm. Quercus pedunculiflora K.Koch Quercus pendula (Neill) Lodd. Quercus pendulina Kit. Quercus petropolitana Gand. not validly published Quercus pilosa (Schur) Simonk. Quercus pilosula Gand. not validly published Quercus pinnatipartita (Boiss.) O.Schwarz Quercus plebeia Gand. not validly published Quercus pluriceps Gand. not validly published Quercus pseudopedunculata Vuk. Quercus pseudoschorochensis Boiss. Quercus pseudosessilis Schur Quercus pseudotscharakensis Kotschy ex A.DC. Quercus pulverulenta K.Koch Quercus purpurea Lodd. ex Loudon Quercus pyramidalis C.C.Gmel. Quercus pyrenaica Steven Quercus quaerens Gand. not validly published Quercus racemosa Lam. Quercus robur (Ten.) A. DC. Quercus rossica Gand. not validly published Quercus rostanii Gand. not validly published Quercus rubens Petz. & G.Kirchn. Quercus rubicunda Dippel Quercus rumelica Griseb. & Schenk Quercus salicifolia Steud. not validly published Quercus scandica Gand. nom. not validly published Quercus schlosseriana Gand. not validly published Quercus scolopendrifolia K.Koch Quercus scotica Gand. not validly published Quercus scythica Gand. not validly published Quercus semipinnata Gand. not validly published Quercus sessiliflora var. condensata (Schur) Nyman Quercus sessiliflora var. microcarpa (Lapeyr.) Nyman Quercus sessiliflora var. pedemontana (Colla) Nyman Quercus sessiliflora var. tcharachensis Albov Quercus sieboldii Dippel Quercus similata Gand. not validly published Quercus speciensis Dippel Quercus stilbophylla Gand. not validly published Quercus subvelutina Schur Quercus svecica Borbás Quercus tanaicensis Gand. not validly published Quercus tardiflora Czern. ex Stev. Quercus tennesi Wesm. Quercus tephrochlamys Gand. not validly published Quercus tetracarpa Vuk. Quercus tholeyroniana Gand. not validly published Quercus thomasii Ten. Quercus tomentosa Ehrh. ex A.DC. not validly published Quercus tozzae Dippel Quercus transiens Gand. not validly published Quercus tricolor Petz. & G.Kirchn. Quercus tristis Gand. not validly published Quercus turbinata Kit. Quercus urbica Gand. not validly published Quercus vallicola Gand. not validly published Quercus verecunda Gand. not validly published Quercus versatilis Gand. not validly published Quercus vialis Gand. not validly published Quercus viminalis Bosc Quercus virgata Martrin-Donos Quercus volhynica Gand. not validly published Quercus vulgaris Bubani Quercus welandii Simonk. Quercus wolgensis Gand. not validly published

Quercus robur, pedunculate oak, European oak, or English oak, is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. It is a large tree, native to Europe and western Asia, and is widely cultivated in other temperate regions. It grows on soils of near neutral acidity in the lowlands and is notable for its value to natural ecosystems, supporting a diversity of herbivorous insects, acorn eating mammals and birds, and fungi.

The common name pedunculate oak refers to the acorns being borne on a peduncule, or stalk.

English oaks can live to very old ages, often growing for over 500 years, with some specimens believed to be over 1,000 years old They are characterised by thick and heavily fissured bark.