Puff adder

This article is about the viper species "common puff adder", native to Africa. For the viper genus commonly known as "puff-adders", see Bitis. For the harmless snake native to North America, colloquially known as "puff adder", see Heterodon. For the Marvel Comics character, see Puff Adder (character).

Puff adder
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Serpentes
Family:	Viperidae
Genus:	Bitis
Species:	B. arietans
Binomial name
Bitis arietans (Merrem, 1820)
native range
Synonyms
Click to expand Cobra lachesis Laurenti, 1768 Cobra clotho Laurenti, 1768 Coluber lachesis — Gmelin, 1788 Coluber clotho — Gmelin, 1788 Coluber bitin Bonnaterre, 1790 Coluber intumescens Donndorff, 1798 Vipera severa Latreille In Sonnini & Latreille, 1801 Vipera (Echidna) arietans Merrem, 1820 Vipera inflata Burchell, 1822 Echidna arietans — Wagler, 1828 Vipera brachyura Cuvier, 1829 Vipera arietans — Schlegel, 1837 Clotho (Bitis) arietans — Gray, 1842 Clotho (Bitis) lateristriga Gray, 1842 Echidna arietans — A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854 Bitis arietans — Günther, 1858 Bitis arietans — Boulenger, 1896 Cobra lachesis — Mertens, 1937 Bitis lachesis — Mertens, 1938 Bitis lachesis lachesis — de Witte, 1953 Bitis arietans arietans — Loveridge, 1953 Bitis arietans peghullae Steward, 1973 Bitis arietans — Golay et al., 1993 Vipera (Clotho) arietans — Herprint Int'l, 1994 Bitis arietans — Spawls & Branch, 1995

The puff adder (Bitis arietans) is a highly venomous viper species found in savannahs and grasslands from Morocco and western Arabia throughout Africa except for the Sahara and rainforest regions. It is responsible for causing the most snakebite fatalities in Africa owing to various factors, such as its wide distribution, frequent occurrence in highly populated regions, and aggressive disposition. Two subspecies are currently recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here.

The species is commonly known as the puff adder, African puff adder, or common puff adder.