Sodium chloride

This article is about the chemical. For its familiar form, common table salt, see Salt. For the medical solutions, see Saline (medicine). For the mineral, see Halite.

"NaCl" redirects here. For other uses, see NaCl (disambiguation).

Not to be confused with Sodium bromide.

Sodium chloride

Sodium chloride crystals in a form of halite
Crystal structure with sodium in purple and chloride in green
Names
IUPAC name Sodium chloride
Other names common salt, regular salt halite, rock salt table salt, sea salt saline
Identifiers
CAS Number	7647-14-5 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
Beilstein Reference	3534976
ChEBI	CHEBI:26710 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200574 N
ChemSpider	5044 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.726
EC Number	231-598-3
Gmelin Reference	13673
KEGG	D02056 Y
MeSH	Sodium+chloride
PubChem CID	5234
RTECS number	VZ4725000
UNII	451W47IQ8X Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3021271
InChI InChI=1S/ClH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Y Key: FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Y InChI=1/ClH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Key: FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-REWHXWOFAE
SMILES [Na+].[Cl-]
Properties
Chemical formula	NaCl
Molar mass	58.44 g·mol-1
Appearance	Colorless cubic crystals
Odor	Faint, salty (when powdered), or odorless (solid rock)
Density	2.17 g/cm3
Melting point	800.7 °C (1,473.3 °F; 1,073.8 K)
Boiling point	1,413 °C (2,575 °F; 1,686 K)
Solubility in water	360 g/L (25 °C)
Solubility in ammonia	21.5 g/L
Solubility in methanol	13.75 g/L
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−30.2·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.5441 (at 589 nm)
Structure
Crystal structure	Face-centered cubic (see text), cF8
Space group	Fm3m (No. 225)
Lattice constant	a = 564.02 pm
Formula units (Z)	4
Coordination geometry	octahedral at Na+ octahedral at Cl−
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	50.5 J/(K·mol)
Std molar entropy (S⦵298)	72.10 J/(K·mol)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−411.120 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	A12CA01 (WHO) B05CB01 (WHO), B05XA03 (WHO), S01XA03 (WHO)
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	0 0 0
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	3 g/kg (oral, rats)
Related compounds
Other anions	Sodium fluoride Sodium bromide Sodium iodide Sodium astatide
Other cations	Lithium chloride Potassium chloride Rubidium chloride Caesium chloride Francium chloride
Supplementary data page
Sodium chloride (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Sodium chloride /ˌsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd/, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral halite. In its edible form, common table salt, it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks for further chemical syntheses. Another major application of sodium chloride is de-icing of roadways in sub-freezing weather.