Sikh Confederacy

Sikh Confederacy Sikh Misalā
1748–1799
Seal of the Khalsa (1759)
Motto: ਅਕਾਲ ਸਹਾਇ Akāl Sahāi "With God's Grace"
Anthem: ਦੇਗ ਤੇਗ਼ ਫ਼ਤਹਿ Dēg Tēg Fateh "Victory to Charity and Arms"
Map of the Sikh Confederacy
Status	Confederation
Capital	Amritsar
Language	Punjabi
Religion	Sikhism (official) Islam Hinduism
Government	Aristocratic republic
Jathedar
• 1748–1753	Nawab Kapur Singh
• 1753–1783	Jassa Singh Ahluwalia
• 1783–1799	Naina Singh
Legislature	Sarbat Khalsa
History
• Passing of Gurmata to establish the Sikh Confederacy	29 March 1748
• Ranjit Singh unites the Sikh Confederacy into the Sikh Empire	7 July 1799
Currency	Gobindshahi sikka (1761–1777) Nanakshahi sikka (1777–1799)
Preceded by Succeeded by Durrani Empire Mughal Empire Sikh Empire Cis-Sutlej states
Today part of	India Pakistan

The Sikh Confederacy was a confederation of twelve sovereign Sikh states (each known as a Misl, derived from the Arabic word مِثْل meaning 'equal'; sometimes spelt as Misal) which rose during the 18th century in the Punjab region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent. The misls were sovereign Sikh principalities originally formulated to defend the Darbar Sahib complex of Amritsar.