Middlesbrough

Middlesbrough
Middlesbrough
Town
	Town Hall MIMA Albert Park Teesside University Riverside Stadium Transporter Bridge
	Coat of arms
	Middlesbrough Location within the United Kingdom Middlesbrough Location within North Yorkshire
Population
• Built-up area (2021)	148,215
• Borough (2024)	156,161
Demonym	Middlesbroughian,; Smoggie (colloquial)
OS grid reference	NZ495204
• London	217 mi (349 km) S
Unitary authority	Middlesbrough;
Ceremonial county	North Yorkshire;
Region	North East;
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Areas of the town	List Acklam; Ayresome; Berwick Hills; Brambles Farm; Coulby Newham; Easterside; Grove Hill; Hemlington; Linthorpe; Marton; Middlehaven; North Ormesby; Nunthorpe (parished); Pallister; Stainton (parished); Saltersgill; Thornton (parished); Thorntree; Tollesby; Whinney Banks;
Post town	MIDDLESBROUGH
Postcode district	TS1–TS9
Dialling code	01642
Police	Cleveland
Fire	Cleveland
Ambulance	North East
UK Parliament	Middlesbrough and Thornaby East,; Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland;
Website	https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/

Middlesbrough (/ˈmɪdəlzbrə/ ^ⓘ MID-əlz-brə), colloquially known as Boro, is a port town and unitary authority of North Yorkshire, located in North East England. Situated on the southern bank of the River Tees, Middlesbrough forms part of the Borough of Middlesbrough, the Teesside built-up area and the Tees Valley. The town is governed by the Middlesbrough Council unitary authority, which is divided into twenty wards, as part of the Tees Valley Combined Authority along with Darlington, Hartlepool, Redcar and Cleveland, and Stockton-on-Tees. In 2021, it had a population of 148,215.

There was a priory at the site from 686 until 1537, but no urban settlement until Joseph Pease selected it as the site for the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1829. After this, it rapidly grew into a major centre of iron production. By the mid-1870s, it produced one third of the United Kingdom's pig iron output and was known as Ironopolis. Steel production, ship building, and the chemical industry were also major industries. Since World War II, these industries have declined in major fashion, but Teesport and the Wilton International industrial site remain major employers.