Melamine

Melamine
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine
	Other names 2,4,6-Triamino-s-triazine; Cyanurotriamide; Cyanurotriamine; Cyanuramide
Identifiers
CAS Number	108-78-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:27915 ;
ChemSpider	7667 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.288
KEGG	C08737 ;
PubChem CID	7955;
UNII	N3GP2YSD88 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6020802 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C3H6N6/c4-1-7-2(5)9-3(6)8-1/h(H6,4,5,6,7,8,9) Key: JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C3H6N6/c4-1-7-2(5)9-3(6)8-1/h(H6,4,5,6,7,8,9) Key: JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYAF;
	SMILES Nc1nc(N)nc(N)n1;
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H6N6
Molar mass	126.123 g·mol−1
Appearance	White solid
Density	1.573 g/cm3
Melting point	343 °C (649 °F; 616 K) (decomposition)
Boiling point	Sublimes
Solubility in water	3240 mg/ L (20 °C)
Solubility	very slightly soluble in hot alcohol, benzene, glycerol, pyridine ; insoluble in ether, benzene, CCl4
log P	−1.37
Acidity (pKa)	5.0 (conjugated acid)
Basicity (pKb)	9.0
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−61.8·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.872
Structure
Crystal structure	Monoclinic
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	−1967 kJ/mol
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H351, H373
Precautionary statements	P203, P260, P280, P318, P319, P405, P501
Autoignition; temperature	500 °C (932 °F; 773 K)
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	3850 mg/kg (rat, oral)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Melamine /ˈmɛləmiːn/ ^ⓘ is an organic compound with the formula C₃H₆N₆. This white solid is a trimer of cyanamide, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton. Like cyanamide, it contains 66% nitrogen by mass, and its derivatives have fire-retardant properties due to its release of nitrogen gas when burned or charred. Melamine can be combined with formaldehyde and other agents to produce melamine resins. Such resins are characteristically durable thermosetting plastic used in high-pressure decorative laminates such as Formica, melamine dinnerware including cooking utensils, plates, and plastic products, laminate flooring, and dry erase boards. Melamine foam is used as insulation and soundproofing material, and in polymeric cleaning products such as Magic Eraser.

Melamine gained infamy when Chinese food producers Sanlu Group added it to baby formula in order to increase the apparent protein content, causing the 2008 Chinese milk scandal. Ingestion of melamine may lead to reproductive damage, or bladder or kidney stones, and bladder cancer. It is also an irritant when inhaled or in contact with the skin or eyes. The United Nations' food standards body, the Codex Alimentarius Commission, has set the maximum amount of melamine allowed in powdered infant formula to 1 mg/kg and the amount of the chemical allowed in other foods and animal feed to 2.5 mg/kg. While not legally binding, the levels allow countries to ban importation of products with excessive levels of melamine.