Kiddush

Kiddush at the start of the Friday evening Sabbath meal as recited by the male head of the household in previous generations (Israel, 1963).
Chaplain Rabbi Abraham Dubin making the blessing over challah (India, 1944).

Kiddush (Hebrew: קִידּוּשׁ, lit. 'sanctification', modern: [ki'duʃ], biblical: [qid'duːʃ]; also English: /ˈkɪdɪʃ/) is a blessing recited over wine or grape juice to sanctify Shabbat and Jewish holidays. Additionally, the word refers to a small repast held on Shabbat and holidays after the prayer services and before the meal.

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