Jugaad
Jugaad or jugaar (Hindi:जुगाड़, Urdu: جگاڑ, Arabic: جگاڑ, Punjabi: ਜੁਗਾੜ, jugāṛ) is a term specifically used in South Asia to describe being resourceful, although similar terms exist in other cultures worldwide. It means using ingenuity to use scarce resources in a clever and unconventional way. Jugaad is a Hindi-language derived word.
Jugaad is increasingly accepted as a management technique and is recognized all over the world as a form of frugal innovation.Accordig to the analysis of Prabhu and colleagues, companies like Facebook, GE, Google, PepsiCo, Philips, Renault-Nissan, Siemens, Tata Group and YES BANK, in Southeast Asia are adopting jugaad as a practice to reduce research and development costs. Jugaad also applies to any kind of creative and out-of-the-box thinking or life hacks that maximize resources for a company and its stakeholders. Jugaad is however, also argued to be not limited to management circles but rather about infrastructural arrangements deployed by product designers and users that allow for versatility and improvisation of use and repair.
According to author and professor Jaideep Prabhu in the year 2013, jugaad is an "important way out of the current economic crisis in developed economies and also holds important lessons for emerging economies".