Hallucination (artificial intelligence)

A video of the Glenfinnan Viaduct in Scotland generated by Sora, incorrectly showing: a second track, trains running on the right instead of the left, a second chimney on its interpretation of the train The Jacobite, inconsistent carriage lengths, unnatural amounts of visual noise, and a carriage bending along its length as it rounds the turn.
The real Glenfinnan Viaduct with The Jacobite on it

In the field of artificial intelligence (AI), a hallucination or artificial hallucination (also called bullshitting, confabulation, delusion, or mirage) is a response generated by AI that contains false or misleading information presented as fact. These terms draw a loose analogy with human psychology, where a hallucination typically involves false percepts.

Chatbots powered by large language models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, may embed plausible-sounding random falsehoods within its generated content, such as fabricated citations. Detecting and mitigating errors and hallucinations pose significant challenges for practical deployment and reliability of LLMs in high-stakes scenarios, such as chip design, supply chain logistics, and medical diagnostics. Some software engineers and statisticians have criticized the specific term "AI hallucination" for unreasonably anthropomorphizing computers. Symbolic artificial intelligence models generally do not produce hallucinations, unlike large language models.

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