ECMAScript
| ECMAScript | |
|---|---|
| Paradigm | Multi-paradigm: prototype-based, functional, imperative |
| Family | ECMAScript |
| Designed by | Brendan Eich, Ecma International |
| First appeared | 1997 |
| Typing discipline | Weak, dynamic |
| Website | www |
| Major implementations | |
| JavaScript, ActionScript, JScript, QtScript, InScript, Google Apps Script | |
| Influenced by | |
| Self, HyperTalk, AWK, C, CoffeeScript, Perl, Python, Java, Scheme | |
| ECMAScript (file format) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Filename extensions |
.es |
| Internet media type |
application/ecmascript |
| Developed by | Sun Microsystems, Ecma International |
| Initial release | June 1997 |
| Latest release | Edition 16 June 2025 |
| Type of format | Scripting language |
| Website | www |
ECMAScript (/ˈɛkməskrɪpt/; ES) is the standard for the JavaScript language, intended to ensure the interoperability of web pages across different web browsers. It is standardized by Ecma International's TC39 technical committee in the document ECMA-262, with i18n ("Intl") APIs standardized in the document ECMA-402.
ECMAScript is commonly used for client-side scripting on the World Wide Web, and is increasingly being used for server-side scripting and services using runtime environments such as Node.js, Deno and Bun.
The ECMAScript standard does not include any input/output (I/O), such as networking, storage, or graphics facilities. In practice, the web browser or other runtime system provides JavaScript APIs for I/O.