Chloride
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| Names | |||
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| Systematic IUPAC name
Chloride | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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| 3587171 | |||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| 14910 | |||
| KEGG | |||
PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |||
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| Properties | |||
| Cl− | |||
| Molar mass | 35.45 g·mol−1 | ||
| Conjugate acid | Hydrogen chloride | ||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
153.36 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−167 kJ mol−1 | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Other anions |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
The chloride /ˈklɔːraɪd/ ion (Cl−) is the anion of chlorine, that is, chlorine with an extra electron. The term "chloride" is also used non-systematically for chemicals containing chlorine covalently bonded to another atom.
Chloride salts such as sodium chloride are often soluble in water. It is an essential electrolyte located in all body fluids responsible for maintaining acid/base balance, transmitting nerve impulses and regulating liquid flow in and out of cells. Other examples of ionic chlorides include potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). Examples of covalent chlorides include methyl chloride (CH3Cl), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2), and monochloramine (NH2Cl).